The charging of induction furnace is the basis to ensure the smooth melting process. Unreasonable charging will cause many problems, such as the extension of melting period, the increase of metal loss, the increase of power consumption and so on. Therefore, we must pay enough attention to the loading work.

1) Bottom slag paving

Bottom slag should be added after cleaning and maintenance of crucible. Lime and fluorite slag are added in alkaline crucible smelting, and broken glass slag is added in acidic crucible smelting. Ensure that the slag layer is covered with molten steel during the melting period.

2) The tightness of the loading

The lower part should be tight and the upper part loose. That is to say, the bulk density of the middle and lower parts of the crucible should be as large as possible to improve the heating efficiency (the density of magnetic lines in the middle and lower parts is the largest). The bulk density of the upper part is small, which makes it easy for the burden to go down smoothly during melting and reduces the probability of bridge formation.

3) Loading layer

1. The bottom of the crucible is the low temperature zone of the crucible, which should be filled with easy melting materials, such as high and medium carbon steel block, high carbon ferroalloy, electrolytic nickel block, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, copper and manganese.

The second part is the high temperature area of the crucible, which should be filled with refractory materials with high melting point and high density, such as ferrotungsten, ferromolybdenum, micro carbon ferrochromium, low carbon ferrochromium, ferroniobium, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, chromium, cobalt, etc.

The upper part is the low temperature zone of the crucible, which should be filled with steel, industrial pure iron, etc.

4. For the loading of return materials, large heavy materials are loaded into the middle and lower part of the crucible, light and thin materials are loaded into the upper part of the crucible.

4) Lump size, density and melting point of burden

The lump size of burden depends on furnace capacity and power frequency. In principle, the furnace with low frequency and large capacity can use large charge; the furnace with high frequency and small capacity can use small charge.

The burden with high density and high melting point, such as ferrotungsten, ferromolybdenum and micro carbon ferrochromium, must be broken into smaller pieces. The burden with high density and low melting point is allowed to use larger burden

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